Transmilenio: el negocio por encima del ambiente.
Enrique Peñalosa desconoció la petición de la Procuraduría de implementar tecnologías limpias para la renovación de los buses de Transmilenio ante la alerta amarilla por contaminación atmosférica.
Bogotá. 6 de noviembre de 2018. El pasado 2 de noviembre se llevó a cabo la audiencia de las licitaciones para la compra de cerca de 1.383 buses nuevos de los cuales, según la información oficial de Transmilenio, “todos estos vehículos contarán con tecnologías amigables con el medio ambiente bajo un estándar de emisiones mínimo de Euro 5, buses que deberán incorporar un filtro de partículas que capturen como mínimo el 75% de material particulado”.
A pesar de las declaraciones del alcalde Enrique Peñalosa, y de la gerente de Transmilenio, María Consuelo Araújo, en las que anuncian que la tecnología adquirida es mínimamente contaminante y que está por encima de la norma nacional que exige la Euro 4, se ha suscitado un debate debido a que en Europa la industria automotriz ha sido golpeada con fallos judiciales que prohíben la circulación de vehículos diésel por sus componentes altamente contaminantes: “en Alemania, por ejemplo, no se permiten automotores inferiores a la norma euro 6, y acá en Colombia pareciera que el Alcalde Peñalosa hiciera el favor de ‘desenhuesar’ a los fabricantes sustentando sus argumentos en un filtro que reduce la emisión de partículas y en la falta de actualización de la norma nacional que no lo obliga a superar la Euro 4” cuestionó la representante a la Cámara Ángela María Robledo.
Las inquietudes ciudadanas incrementaron al escuchar argumentos como el de la gerente Araújo quien manifestó a un medio de comunicación que no se está contrariando el Acuerdo de París que fijó como meta la reducción en un 20% de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero antes de 2030, aduciendo que “la adjudicación de esta licitación corresponde a una flota que tendrá vida útil por diez años, la estamos adjudicando en el 2018 y terminará su vida útil en el 2028 antes de que se cumpla efectivamente el plazo que establece el Acuerdo de París, estamos acordes con los convenios internacionales”.
Al respecto, la representante Robledo discrepó: “es totalmente inaceptable que la Gerente de Transmilenio diga que el Tratado de París sobre Cambio Climático sea para cumplirlo a partir del año 2030, cuando las metas de reducción empezaron a regir desde la ratificación del tratado porque se deben lograr antes. Los efectos del cambio climático son inminentes, ya los estamos viviendo y debemos tomar acciones de manera inmediata”.
Por su parte, el alcalde Peñalosa señaló de “cínicos” a quienes discuten la adquisición de estos buses diésel en lugar de avanzar con los eléctricos, diciendo que “no hay ninguna ciudad en el mundo en donde todos los buses sean eléctricos (…) en este momento no existe ningún productor en el mundo que tengan buses biarticulados eléctricos, no podíamos ser tan irresponsables de adjudicar a dedo y decir que los buses fueran eléctricos» (La Fm), ante lo cual la representante Ángela María Robledo preguntó: “de ser así ¿por qué la Alcaldía otorgaba un puntaje adicional de 400 puntos a los proponentes que ofrecieran buses con tecnologías superiores como los eléctricos? ¿Se trataba de un saludo a la bandera a la petición de la Procuraduría de remplazar los actuales buses con tecnologías limpias?»
Cabe recordar que en el mes de abril la Procuraduría General de la Nación expresó que “el diésel no contribuye con proyectos de baja emisión de gases” y pidió tecnologías limpias en la renovación de los buses de Transmilenio exhortando al mandatario Distrital a “dar cumplimiento a las normas y tratados internacionales que obligan a proteger el medio ambiente, y a velar por el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos”, recordando la Resolución 831 de 2018 de la Secretaría Distrital de Ambiente que declaró Alerta Amarilla por contaminación atmosférica en la ciudad de Bogotá “asociada a la concentración de material particulado PM.2.5, originado, entre otros, por el diésel que utilizan los buses articulados y biarticulados, que de acuerdo a estudios internacionales y de la Organización Mundial de la Salud es considerado un contaminante de alto impacto sobre la salud de la población”.
Ante la afirmación de la Gerente Araújo de que ganó la licitación “más competitiva en términos de la propuesta económica” deja entrever que prevalecieron netamente objetivos económicos por encima de los argumentos ambientales para favorecer la calidad del aire: “esta licitación es un ‘negocio redondo’ para Peñalosa, ganan sus socios y su fundación, razón por la que exigimos que la próxima licitación del lote de las Américas priorice el ambiente, la salud humana y se ajuste a los acuerdos internacionales por el cambio climático”, enfatizó la representante Ángela María Robledo.
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